- Volume 23(2); September 2023
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Editorials
- Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: strengths and shortcomings
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Sung Won Lee, Min Kyu Kang, Xiang Zhang
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):238-240. Published online September 20, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.09.12
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1,790
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90
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- Hepatocellular carcinoma imaging: Exploring traditional techniques and emerging innovations for early intervention
Hariharan Thirumalai Vengateswaran, Mohammad Habeeb, Huay Woon You, Kiran Balasaheb Aher, Girija Balasaheb Bhavar, Govind Sarangdhar Asane
Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices.2024; 24: 100327. CrossRef
Recommendation and Guideline
- Transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: 2023 expert consensus-based practical recommendations of the Korean Liver Cancer Association
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Yuri Cho, Jin Woo Choi, Hoon Kwon, Kun Yung Kim, Byung Chan Lee, Hee Ho Chu, Dong Hyeon Lee, Han Ah Lee, Gyoung Min Kim, Jung Suk Oh, Dongho Hyun, In Joon Lee, Hyunchul Rhim
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):241-261. Published online July 14, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.05.22
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3,407
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202
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8
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Abstract
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- Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was introduced in 1977 with the administration of chemotherapeutic agent to gelatin sponge particles through the hepatic artery in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and was established as conventional TACE using Lipiodol in the 1980s. In the 2000s, drug-eluting beads were developed and applied clinically. Currently, TACE is a commonly used non-surgical treatment modality for patients with HCC who are unsuitable for curative treatment. Considering the vital role of TACE in the management of HCC, it is crucial to organize current knowledge and expert opinions regarding patient preparation, procedural techniques, and post-treatment care in TACE, which can enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety. A group of 12 experts in the fields of interventional radiology and hepatology, convened by the Research Committee of the Korean Liver Cancer Association (KLCA), has developed expert consensus-based practical recommendations in TACE. These recommendations have been endorsed by the Korean Society of Interventional Radiology and provide useful information and direction in performing TACE procedure as well as pre- and post- procedural patient care.
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- Liver resection in selective hepatocellular carcinoma with Vp3 or Vp4 portal vein tumor thrombosis improves prognosis
Manuel Lim, Jongman Kim, Jinsoo Rhu, Gyu-Seong Choi, Jae-Won Joh
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(1): 102. CrossRef - A refined prediction model for survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization
Hae Lim Lee, Seok Hwan Kim, Hee Yeon Kim, Sung Won Lee, Myeong Jun Song
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Clinical outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization in Child–Turcotte Pugh class A patients with a single small (≤3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma
Jungnam Lee, Young‐Joo Jin, Seung Kak Shin, Jung Hyun Kwon, Sang Gyune Kim, Jung Hwan Yu, Jin‐Woo Lee, Oh Sang Kwon, Soon Woo Nahm, Young Seok Kim
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2024; 39(9): 1924. CrossRef - Recent Hepatocellular Carcinoma Managements in Korea: Focus on the Updated Guidelines in 2022
Yuri Cho, Bo Hyun Kim, Young-Suk Lim
Digestive Disease Interventions.2024; 08(03): 169. CrossRef - Radiomics as a tool for prognostic prediction in transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Kaige Deng, Tong Chen, Zijian Leng, Fan Yang, Tao Lu, Jingying Cao, Weixuan Pan, Yongchang Zheng
La radiologia medica.2024; 129(8): 1099. CrossRef - Superselective ablative chemo-ethanol embolization for recurrent single hepatocellular carcinoma: a 6-month outcome analysis
Jae Hwan Lee, Kun Yung Kim, Chong-ho Lee, Minuk Kim, Chang Jin Yoon
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(2): 217. CrossRef - TACE vs. TARE for HCC ≥ 8 cm: A propensity score analysis
Nhan Hien Phan, Ho Jong Chun, Jung Suk Oh, Su Ho Kim, Byung Gil Choi
Abdominal Radiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Implications of the first edition of the Korean expert consensus-based practice recommendations for transarterial chemoembolization in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma
Jin Wook Chung
Journal of Liver Cancer.2023; 23(2): 235. CrossRef
Review Articles
- The role of lenvatinib in the era of immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
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Matthew Man Pok Lee, Landon Long Chan, Stephen Lam Chan
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):262-271. Published online August 17, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.07.17
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4,541
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323
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11
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Abstract
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- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently presents as advanced stage with poor prognosis and high mortality. Systemic treatment is the treatment of choice for advanced disease. In 2007, the first multi-kinase inhibitor (MKI) sorafenib was approved and shown to modestly prolong overall survival (OS). The progress of systemic therapy has been slow afterwards until 2018 when lenvatinib, another MKI, was shown to be non-inferior to sorafenib on median OS as the first-line therapy for HCC. Since then, remarkable progress has been achieved on the treatment of advanced HCC, including the development of second-line targeted treatment, including regorafenib, cabozantinib and ramucirumab from 2017 to 2019. A growing focus has been placed on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), its ligand PD-L1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. These ICIs have proven their potency in treating HCC as both initial and subsequent line of therapy. At present, both regimens of atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab, as well as the combination of tremelimumab and durvalumab, are recommended as the first-line treatments based on positive phase III clinical trials. With the advancement of ICIs, it is anticipated that the role of MKIs in the treatment of HCC will evolve. In this article, lenvatinib, one of the most commonly used MKIs in HCC, is chosen to be reviewed.
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- Reduced-Dose or Discontinuation of Bevacizumab Might Be Considered after Variceal Bleeding in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab: Case Reports
Kyeong-Min Yeom, Young-Gi Song, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
Medicina.2024; 60(1): 157. CrossRef - The Position of Multikinase Inhibitors in the Era of Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Beom Kyung Kim
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(1): 3. CrossRef - Fatal intratumoral hemorrhage in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma following successful treatment with atezolizumab/bevacizumab: A case report
Kyeong-Hoon Park, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2024; 12(22): 5177. CrossRef - Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors approved for systemic therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: recent advances and future perspectives
Jianzhong Liu, Shuai Xia, Baoyi Zhang, Dina Mostafa Mohammed, Xiangliang Yang, Yanhong Zhu, Xinnong Jiang
Discover Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Consistent efficacy of hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy irrespective of PD‑L1 positivity in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Ji Kim, Young Kim, Hee-Chul Nam, Chang-Wook Kim, Jae-Sung Yoo, Ji Han, Jeong Jang, Jong Choi, Seung Yoon, Ho Jong Chun, Jung Oh, Suho Kim, Sung Lee, Pil Sung
Oncology Letters.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The Role of the MiR-181 Family in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Jinbiao Chen, Ken Liu, Mathew A. Vadas, Jennifer R. Gamble, Geoffrey W. McCaughan
Cells.2024; 13(15): 1289. CrossRef - Role of transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic metastases in the era of advancing systemic therapy
Byeong Geun Song, Myung Ji Goh, Wonseok Kang, Dong Hyun Sinn, Geum-Youn Gwak, Yong-Han Paik, Joon Hyeok Lee, Moon Seok Choi
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(2): 243. CrossRef - Dual effects of targeting neuropilin-1 in lenvatinib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma: inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis
Junjie Ao, Na Qiang, Hiroaki Kanzaki, Masato Nakamura, Risa Kakiuchi, Jiaqi Zhang, Ryuta Kojima, Keisuke Koroki, Masanori Inoue, Naoya Kanogawa, Ryo Nakagawa, Takayuki Kondo, Sadahisa Ogasawara, Shingo Nakamoto, Ryosuke Muroyama, Jun Kato, Naoya Kato
American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology.2024; 327(4): C1150. CrossRef - A Potential Pneumothorax Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Case Report and Literature Review
Yoon-E Shin, Hyuk Kim, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
Medicina.2024; 60(10): 1634. CrossRef - Challenges and advances of immune checkpoint therapy
Lingyu Li, Yingli Sun
Clinical and Translational Discovery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Current perspectives on the pharmacological treatment of advanced
hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review
Hye-Jin Yoo, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
- Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using Sonazoid: a comprehensive review
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Woo Kyoung Jeong
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):272-283. Published online September 19, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.08.25
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2,084
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119
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3
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Abstract
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- Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a promising technique for the detection and diagnosis of focal liver lesions, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, a collaborative effort between the Korean Society of Radiology and Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology resulted in the publication of guidelines for diagnosing HCC using Sonazoid CEUS. These guidelines propose specific criteria for identifying HCC based on the imaging characteristics observed during Sonazoid CEUS. The suggested diagnostic criteria include nonrim arterial phase hyperenhancement, and the presence of late and mild washout, or Kupffer phase washout under the premise that the early or marked washout should not occur during the portal venous phase. These criteria aim to improve the accuracy of HCC diagnosis using Sonazoid CEUS. This review offers a comprehensive overview of Sonazoid CEUS in the context of HCC diagnosis. It covers the fundamental principles of Sonazoid CEUS and its clinical applications, and introduces the recently published guidelines. By providing a summary of this emerging technique, this review contributes to a better understanding of the potential role of Sonazoid CEUS for diagnosing HCC.
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- The Diagnostic Impact of Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) in Evaluating Lymph Node Involvement in Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
Akash Inamdar, Raju K Shinde
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Diagnostic Test Accuracy of Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound With Sonazoid for Assessment of Focal Liver Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Yongqing Tang, Shun‐ichi Sasaki, Joshua Hawley, Aurélie Peillon, Anders Sjöström, Adolfo Fuentes‐Alburo, Francois Tranquart
Journal of Clinical Ultrasound.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: strengths and shortcomings
Sung Won Lee, Min Kyu Kang, Xiang Zhang
Journal of Liver Cancer.2023; 23(2): 238. CrossRef
- Imaging prognostication and tumor biology in hepatocellular carcinoma
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Diana Kadi, Marilyn F. Yamamoto, Emily C. Lerner, Hanyu Jiang, Kathryn J. Fowler, Mustafa R. Bashir
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):284-299. Published online September 15, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.08.29
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3,295
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136
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Abstract
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- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy, and represents a significant global health burden with rising incidence rates, despite a more thorough understanding of the etiology and biology of HCC, as well as advancements in diagnosis and treatment modalities. According to emerging evidence, imaging features related to tumor aggressiveness can offer relevant prognostic information, hence validation of imaging prognostic features may allow for better noninvasive outcomes prediction and inform the selection of tailored therapies, ultimately improving survival outcomes for patients with HCC.
- Management of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and strategies for optimal outcomes
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Jae Hyun Yoon, Sung Kyu Choi
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):300-315. Published online September 21, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.08.27
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4,349
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201
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12
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Abstract
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- Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a poor prognosis, management of early-stage HCC is often successful with highly efficacious treatment modalities such as liver transplantation, surgical resection, and radiofrequency ablation. However, unfavorable clinical outcomes have been observed under certain circumstances, even after efficient treatment. Factors that predict unsuitable results after treatment include tumor markers, inflammatory markers, imaging findings reflecting tumor biology, specific outcome indicators for each treatment modality, liver functional reserve, and the technical feasibility of the treatment modalities. Various strategies may overcome these challenges, including the application of reinforced treatment indication criteria with predictive markers reflecting tumor biology, compensation for technical issues with up-to-date technologies, modification of treatment modalities, downstaging with locoregional therapies (such as transarterial chemotherapy or radiotherapy), and recently introduced combination immunotherapies. In this review, we discuss the challenges to achieving optimal outcomes in the management of early-stage HCC and suggest strategies to overcome these obstacles.
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Citations
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- Diosgenin potentiates the anticancer effect of doxorubicin and volasertib via regulating polo-like kinase 1 and triggering apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Eman H. Yousef, Mohamed E. El-Mesery, Maha R. Habeeb, Laila A. Eissa
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.2024; 397(7): 4883. CrossRef - Comparison of Surgical Resection and Radiofrequency Ablation in Elderly Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Jun Il Kim, Jayoun Lee, Gi Hong Choi, Min Woo Lee, Dong Ah Park, Jeong-Ju Yoo
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2024; 69(3): 1055. CrossRef - Radiofrequency for hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 3 cm: potential for applications in daily practice
Ji Hoon Kim, Pil Soo Sung
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(1): 1. CrossRef - Hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes and potential implications for surveillance in elderly patients
Aryoung Kim, Goeun Park, Myung Ji Goh, Byeong Geun Song, Wonseok Kang, Geum-Youn Gwak, Yong-Han Paik, Moon Seok Choi, Joon Hyeok Lee, Dong Hyun Sinn
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Trends in alcohol use and alcoholic liver disease in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study
Jeong-Ju Yoo, Dong Hyeon Lee, Young Chang, Hoongil Jo, Young Youn Cho, Sangheun Lee, Log Young Kim, Jae Young Jang
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Machine learning model reveals roles of interferon‑stimulated genes in sorafenib‑resistant liver cancer
Deok Seo, Ji Park, Hee Jung, Min Kang, Byung Kang, Dong Lee, Jae Lee, Seung Yoon, Jeong Jang, Jae Ahn, Pil Sung
Oncology Letters.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Heavy smoking increases early mortality risk in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment
Jaejun Lee, Jong Young Choi, Soon Kyu Lee
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(2): 253. CrossRef - Superselective ablative chemo-ethanol embolization for recurrent single hepatocellular carcinoma: a 6-month outcome analysis
Jae Hwan Lee, Kun Yung Kim, Chong-ho Lee, Minuk Kim, Chang Jin Yoon
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(2): 217. CrossRef - Bridging hope: Retrospective analysis of stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma-A promising and cost-effective solution for low-and middle-income countries
Rakesh Kapoor, Treshita Dey, Divya Khosla, Sunil Taneja, Naveen Kalra, Rajesh Gupta
Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment.2024; 7(3): 326. CrossRef - Stage dependent microbial dynamics in hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent normal liver tissues
Hee Eun Jo, Sophallika Khom, Sumi Lee, Su Hyeon Cho, Shin Young Park, Ga Ram You, Hyosin Kim, Nah Ihm Kim, Jae-Ho Jeong, Jae Hyun Yoon, Misun Yun
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Current advances in nanoparticle-based approaches for the hepatocellular carcinoma treatment
Sathishbabu P, Umme Hani, Riyaz Ali M. Osmani, Rohit R. Bhosale, Nazima Haider
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2024; : 102508. CrossRef - Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Moonhyung Lee, Hyun Phil Shin
Medicina.2023; 59(12): 2174. CrossRef
- A multidisciplinary approach with immunotherapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
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Yu Rim Lee
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):316-329. Published online September 22, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.09.04
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2,675
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138
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9
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Abstract
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- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive disease that is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Advanced HCC has limited treatment options and often has a poor prognosis. For the past decade, tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been the only treatments approved for advanced HCC that have shown overall survival (OS) benefits; however, but their clinical efficacy has been limited. Recent trials have demonstrated promising advancements in survival outcomes through immunotherapy-based treatments, such as combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with other ICIs, antiangiogenic drugs, and locoregional therapies. The atezolizumab-bevacizumab and durvalumab-tremelimumab (STRIDE) regimen has significantly improved survival rates as a first-line treatment and has become the new standard of care. Therefore, combined treatments for advanced HCC can result in better treatment outcomes owing to their synergistic effects, which requires a multidisciplinary approach. Ongoing studies are examining other therapeutic innovations that can improve disease control and OS rates. Despite improvements in the treatment of advanced HCC, further studies on the optimal treatment selection and sequences, biomarker identification, combination approaches with other therapies, and development of novel immunotherapy agents are required. This review presents the current treatment options and clinical data of the ICI-based combination immunotherapies for advanced HCC from a multidisciplinary perspective.
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- Reduced-Dose or Discontinuation of Bevacizumab Might Be Considered after Variceal Bleeding in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab: Case Reports
Kyeong-Min Yeom, Young-Gi Song, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
Medicina.2024; 60(1): 157. CrossRef - Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Advances in Systemic Therapy
Insija Ilyas Selene, Merve Ozen, Reema A. Patel
Seminars in Interventional Radiology.2024; 41(01): 056. CrossRef - Fatal intratumoral hemorrhage in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma following successful treatment with atezolizumab/bevacizumab: A case report
Kyeong-Hoon Park, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2024; 12(22): 5177. CrossRef - Unravelling infiltrating T‐cell heterogeneity in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma: Integrative single‐cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling
Haiqing Chen, Haoyuan Zuo, Jinbang Huang, Jie Liu, Lai Jiang, Chenglu Jiang, Shengke Zhang, Qingwen Hu, Haotian Lai, Bangchao Yin, Guanhu Yang, Gang Mai, Bo Li, Hao Chi
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Atezolizumab-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Hyuk Kim, Yoon E Shin, Hye-Jin Yoo, Jae-Young Kim, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
Medicina.2024; 60(9): 1422. CrossRef - A Potential Pneumothorax Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Case Report and Literature Review
Yoon-E Shin, Hyuk Kim, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
Medicina.2024; 60(10): 1634. CrossRef - Prediction of PD-L1 expression in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI
Jun Gu Kang, Kyunghwa Han, Taek Chung, Hyungjin Rhee
European Journal of Radiology.2024; 181: 111772. CrossRef - Advances in Understanding Hepatocellular Carcinoma Vasculature: Implications for Diagnosis, Prognostication, and Treatment
Hyungjin Rhee, Young Nyun Park, Jin-Young Choi
Korean Journal of Radiology.2024; 25(10): 887. CrossRef - Current perspectives on the pharmacological treatment of advanced
hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review
Hye-Jin Yoo, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Sang Gyune Kim, Young Seok Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Original Articles
- Feasibility of additional radiotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab
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Tae Hyun Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Yu Ri Cho, Young-Hwan Koh, Joong-Won Park
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):330-340. Published online May 16, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.04.14
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2,840
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142
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1
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary Material
- Background/Aim
Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective local treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether additional RT is safe and effective in patients with advanced HCC receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of additional RT in these patients.
Methods
Between March and October 2021, we retrospectively analyzed seven patients with advanced HCC who received RT during treatment with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. The median prescribed RT dose was 35 Gy (range, 33–66). Freedom from local progression (FFLP), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) after RT were analyzed.
Results
The median follow-up duration after RT was 14.2 months (range, 10.0–18.6). Of the seven patients, disease progression was noted in six (85.7%), the sites of disease progression were local in two (28.6%), intrahepatic in four (57.1%), and extrahepatic in four (57.1%). The median time of FFLP was not reached, and PFS and OS times were 4.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6–4.5) and 14.8% (95% CI, 12.5–17.2) months, respectively. The 1-year FFLP, PFS, and OS rates were 60% (95% CI, 43.8–76.2), 0%, and 85.7% (95% CI, 75.9–95.5), respectively. Grade 3 or higher hematologic adverse events (AEs) were not observed, but grade 3 nonhematologic AEs unrelated to RT were observed in one patient.
Conclusions
The addition of RT may be feasible in patients with advanced HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. However, further studies are required to validate these findings.
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Citations
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- Letter regarding “Feasibility of additional radiotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab”
Sun Hyun Bae, Hee Chul Park
Journal of Liver Cancer.2023; 23(2): 402. CrossRef
- Isolation and characterization of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
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Kyoungdo Mun, Jiwon Han, Pureun Roh, Jonggeun Park, Gahee Kim, Wonhee Hur, Jeongwon Jang, Jongyoung Choi, Seungkew Yoon, Youngkyoung You, Hojoong Choi, Pilsoo Sung
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):341-349. Published online June 12, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.04.30
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4,037
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242
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4
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Abstract
PDF
- Background/Aim
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an immunosuppressive role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of human cancers; however, their characteristics and role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated.
Methods
Nine tumor and surrounding liver tissue samples from patients with HCC who underwent surgery were used to isolate patient-derived CAFs. Cell morphology was observed using an optical microscope after culture, and cell phenotypes were evaluated using flow cytometry and immunoblotting. Cytokines secreted by CAFs into culture medium were quantified using a multiplex cytokine assay.
Results
CAFs were abundant in the TME of HCC and were adjacent to immune cells. After culture, the CAFs and non-tumor fibroblasts exhibited spindle shapes. We observed a robust expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and fibroblast activation protein in CAFs, whereas alpha-fetoprotein, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-cadherin were not expressed in CAFs. Furthermore, CAFs showed high secretion of various cytokines, namely C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2.
Conclusions
CAFs are abundant in the TME of HCC and play a crucial role in tumor progression. These fibroblasts secrete cytokines that promote tumor growth and metastasis.
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Citations
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- Rebuilding the microenvironment of primary tumors in humans: a focus on stroma
Siwon Mun, Hyun Jin Lee, Pilnam Kim
Experimental & Molecular Medicine.2024; 56(3): 527. CrossRef - Intrahepatic IgA complex induces polarization of cancer-associated fibroblasts to matrix phenotypes in the tumor microenvironment of HCC
Jong Geun Park, Pu Reun Roh, Min Woo Kang, Sung Woo Cho, Suhyun Hwangbo, Hae Deok Jung, Hyun Uk Kim, Ji Hoon Kim, Jae-Sung Yoo, Ji Won Han, Jeong Won Jang, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon, Young Kyoung You, Ho Joong Choi, Jae Yong Ryu, Pil Soo Sung
Hepatology.2024; 80(5): 1074. CrossRef - Machine learning model reveals roles of interferon‑stimulated genes in sorafenib‑resistant liver cancer
Deok Seo, Ji Park, Hee Jung, Min Kang, Byung Kang, Dong Lee, Jae Lee, Seung Yoon, Jeong Jang, Jae Ahn, Pil Sung
Oncology Letters.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Recent Advances in Immune-based Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Kyung Won Park, Tae Hoon Park, Eun Ji Jang, Pil Soo Sung
Journal of Digestive Cancer Research.2024; 12(2): 115. CrossRef
- Nomogram for predicting overall survival in patients with large (>5 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma based on real-world practice
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Nalee Kim, Jeong Il Yu, Hee Chul Park, Jung Yong Hong, Ho Yeong Lim, Myung Ji Goh, Yong-Han Paik
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):350-361. Published online September 6, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.08.10
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1,650
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69
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2
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary Material
- Background/Aim
Patients with large (>5 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have limited treatment options, thus necessitating the identification of prognostic factors and the development of predictive tools. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and to construct a nomogram to predict survival outcomes in patients with large HCC.
Methods
A cohort of 438 patients, who were diagnosed with large HCC at a tertiary hospital between 2015 and 2018, was analyzed. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify key prognosticators of overall survival (OS), and an independent set of prognostic factors was used to develop a nomogram. The discrimination and calibration abilities of the nomogram were assessed and internal validation was performed using cross-validation and bootstrapping methods.
Results
During a median follow-up of 9.3 months, the median OS was 9.9 months, and the 1-year OS rate was 43.9%. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that performance status, modified albumin-bilirubin grade, tumor size, extent of portal vein tumor thrombosis, and initial treatment significantly affected OS. The newly developed nomogram incorporating these variables demonstrated favorable accuracy (Harrell’s concordance index, 0.807).
Conclusions
The newly developed nomogram facilitated the estimation of individual survival outcomes in patients with large HCC, providing an acceptable level of accuracy.
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- Prognostic Role of Basal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Suitable for Curative Treatment
Stefano Mazza, Chiara Frigerio, Daniele Alfieri, Aurelio Mauro, Francesca Torello Viera, Davide Scalvini, Chiara Barteselli, Carmelo Sgarlata, Letizia Veronese, Marco Bardone, Laura Rovedatti, Simona Agazzi, Elena Strada, Lodovica Pozzi, Marcello Maestri,
Medicina.2024; 60(5): 692. CrossRef - Prognostic Index for Liver Radiation (PILiR)
Laura Callan, Haddis Razeghi, Natalie Grindrod, Stewart Gaede, Eugene Wong, David Tan, Jason Vickress, John Patrick, Michael Lock
Current Oncology.2024; 31(10): 5862. CrossRef
- The efficacy of treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients
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Han Ah Lee, Sangheun Lee, Hae Lim Lee, Jeong Eun Song, Dong Hyeon Lee, Sojung Han, Ju Hyun Shim, Bo Hyun Kim, Jong Young Choi, Hyunchul Rhim, Do Young Kim
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):362-376. Published online September 14, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.08.03
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2,302
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108
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2
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary Material
- Background/Aim
Despite the increasing proportion of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over time, treatment efficacy in this population is not well established.
Methods
Data collected from the Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry, a representative cohort of patients newly diagnosed with HCC in Korea between 2008 and 2017, were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) according to tumor stage and treatment modality was compared between elderly and non-elderly patients with HCC.
Results
Among 15,186 study patients, 5,829 (38.4%) were elderly. A larger proportion of elderly patients did not receive any treatment for HCC than non-elderly patients (25.2% vs. 16.7%). However, OS was significantly better in elderly patients who received treatment compared to those who did not (median, 38.6 vs. 22.3 months; P<0.001). In early-stage HCC, surgery yielded significantly lower OS in elderly patients compared to non-elderly patients (median, 97.4 vs. 138.0 months; P<0.001), however, local ablation (median, 82.2 vs. 105.5 months) and transarterial therapy (median, 42.6 vs. 56.9 months) each provided comparable OS between the two groups after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis (all P>0.05). After IPTW, in intermediate-stage HCC, surgery (median, 66.0 vs. 90.3 months) and transarterial therapy (median, 36.5 vs. 37.2 months), and in advanced-stage HCC, transarterial (median, 25.3 vs. 26.3 months) and systemic therapy (median, 25.3 vs. 26.3 months) yielded comparable OS between the elderly and non-elderly HCC patients (all P>0.05).
Conclusions
Personalized treatments tailored to individual patients can improve the prognosis of elderly patients with HCC to a level comparable to that of non-elderly patients.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Efficacy and Safety of Surgical Resection in Elderly Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jin-Soo Lee, Dong Ah Park, Seungeun Ryoo, Jungeun Park, Gi Hong Choi, Jeong-Ju Yoo
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(4): 695. CrossRef - Achieving Sufficient Therapeutic Outcomes of Surgery in Elderly Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients through Appropriate Selection
Han Ah Lee
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(4): 556. CrossRef
- Clinical outcome of surgical resection for multifocal T2-T3 hepatocellular carcinoma up to 3 nodules: a comparative analysis with a single nodule
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Sehyeon Yu, Hye-Sung Jo, Young-Dong Yu, Yoo jin Choi, Dong-Sik Kim
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):377-388. Published online September 15, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.08.24
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary Material
- Background/Aims
Although the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system seems to underestimate the impact of curative-intent surgical resection for multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), recent studies have indicated favorable results for the surgical resection of multiple HCC. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes and feasibility of surgical resection for multifocal HCC with up to three nodules compared with single tumor cases.
Methods
Patients who underwent surgical resection for HCC with up to three nodules between 2009 and 2020 were included, and those with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition, T1 and T4 stages were excluded to reduce differences in disease distribution and severity. Finally, 81 and 52 patients were included in the single and multiple treatment groups, respectively. Short- and long-term outcomes including recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), were evaluated.
Results
All patients were classified as Child-Pugh class A. RFS and OS were not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.176 and P=0.966, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that transfusion and intrahepatic metastasis were significantly associated with recurrence (P=0.046 and P=0.005, respectively). Additionally, intrahepatic metastasis was significantly associated with OS (hazard ratio, 1.989; 95% confidence interval, 1.040-3.802; P=0.038).
Conclusions
Since there was no significant difference in survival between the single and multiple groups among patients with AJCC 8th stage T2 and T3, surgical resection with curative intent could be considered with acceptable long-term survival for selected patients with multiple HCC of up to three nodules.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Heavy smoking increases early mortality risk in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment
Jaejun Lee, Jong Young Choi, Soon Kyu Lee
Journal of Liver Cancer.2024; 24(2): 253. CrossRef
Case Reports
- Hepatic basidiobolomycosis masquerading as cholangiocarcinoma: a case report and literature review
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Roopali Sehrawat, Nalini Bansal, Ajitabh Srivastava, Dharmender Malik, Vivek Vij
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):389-396. Published online August 17, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.06.07
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Abstract
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- Basidiobolus ranarum is known to cause subcutaneous mycoses; however, rare cases of hepatic and gastrointestinal involvement by basidiobolomycosis have been reported. Hepatic basidiobolomycosis may be confused with a carcinoma on imaging, and histological examination and fungal culture can help distinguish between these two. We report a rare case of basidiobolomycosis in a 16-year-old male with liver and gastrointestinal involvement.
- A single hepatic mass with two tales: hepatic tuberculosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
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Yi De Ian Koh, Wei-Qiang Leow
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J Liver Cancer. 2023;23(2):397-401. Published online September 8, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2023.08.30
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1,429
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70
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2
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Abstract
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- Hepatic tuberculosis (HTB) is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculous infections, and there has been no proven causal link between HTB and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We herein present a rare case of a synchronous presentation of HTB and HCC within a single hepatic mass. A 57-year-old Chinese gentleman with recently diagnosed sigmoid adenocarcinoma was found to have a left lower lobe pulmonary nodule and solitary hepatic mass on staging computed tomography. Biopsies showed the hepatic mass to have both HTB and HCC components. This serves as a reminder that HTB is an important differential to consider for space-occupying lesions in the liver. Histological evaluation of suspected hepatic malignancies is recommended to exclude the presence of HTB in appropriate clinical settings.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Characterization of pathological features and immune microenvironment in hepatic tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis
Qiang Niu, Runrui Wu, Ke Pan, Xinlan Ge, Wen Chen, Rong Liu
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Multiloculated thoracoabdominal tuberculosis: A radiological presentation of disseminated tuberculosis
Muhammad Bilal Ibrahim, Reyan Hussain Shaikh, Arshia Jahangir, Ali Husnain Khan, Hiba Noor
Radiology Case Reports.2024; 19(12): 6302. CrossRef