Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most important malignancies in Korea with high mortality rates. Although current guidelines define treatment algorithm by performance status, underlying liver function, size and number of hepatocellular carcinoma, those are not fully reflect the complexities of patients’ characteristics and recently advanced available therapeutic options. Treatment can be optimized by available therapeutic options based on the patients’ characteristics. Because of the heterogeneity in presentation among patients, it is now widely accepted that management of hepatocellular carcinoma requires multimodality and multidisciplinary treatment approaches involving hepatologists, surgeons, interventional radiologists, and radiation oncologists. These approaches are important in improving the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.