Although invasion into blood vessels, particularly the portal vein, is a common feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrabile duct invasion has been considered rare. HCC with bile duct thrombi is occasionally misdiagnosed as biliary carcinoma or stone, and tends to have a worse clinical course than HCC without bile duct thrombi, probably attributable to the low resectability rate secondary to poor functional reserve caused by obstructive jaundice, and combined major vascular invasion. However, a few data demonstrated that obstructive jaundice aroused an early detection of HCC, leading to a better survival. Herein, we describe a case of HCC with bile duct thrombi, which was diagnosed at an early stage with obstructive jaundice and had a favorable course after surgical resection.