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THE KOREAN LIVER CANCER ASSOCIATION
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Review Article
- Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly and adolescent/young adult populations
- Han Ah Lee
- J Liver Cancer. 2025;25(1):52-66. Published online March 20, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2025.02.28
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Abstract
PDF - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents unique challenges in both the elderly and adolescent/young adult (AYA) populations, requiring distinct management approaches. Recent epidemiological data show an increasing incidence of HCC in both age groups, with elderly cases rising significantly and AYA cases showing trends in specific regions. The clinical characteristics and treatment considerations vary substantially among these populations. Elderly patients with HCC typically present with hepatitis C virus infection, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, well-differentiated tumors, and multiple comorbidities. In contrast, AYA patients with HCC often present with more aggressive tumor characteristics and predominantly with hepatitis B virus-related diseases. Treatment decisions for elderly patients with HCC require careful consideration of physiological reserves, comprehensive geriatric assessments, and potential complications. Recent studies have demonstrated that elderly patients can achieve outcomes comparable to younger patients across various treatment modalities when properly selected. While surgical outcomes are comparable to those of younger patients with proper selection, less-invasive options such as radiofrequency ablation or transarterial therapies may be more appropriate for some elderly patients. The treatment approach for AYA HCC emphasizes curative intent while considering long-term effects. AYA patients require specialized attention to their psychosocial needs, fertility preservation, and long-term health maintenance. Although data on AYA patients remain limited, they are known to have relatively favorable prognoses despite exhibiting more aggressive tumor characteristics. Management of HCC in both the elderly and AYA populations requires individualized approaches that consider age-specific factors. Both groups benefit from multidisciplinary team involvement and careful consideration of quality of life.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Repurposing GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Perspective on Epigenetic Strategies to Combat Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Aged Liver
Silvia Hanna, Jason Sethiadi, Qazi Ali, Saloni Sinha
Cancers.2025; 17(16): 2600. CrossRef
- Repurposing GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Perspective on Epigenetic Strategies to Combat Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Aged Liver
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